Does it matter what size egg you use in a recipe?

Yes it does.  I prefer a large egg for most recipes and in truth most recipes are created using that size. When you use a smaller egg you are decreasing the liquid and the fat in the recipe.  That can have some consequences. If I have a choice I would rather use an extra large egg than a medium or small egg.  If you are making scrambled eggs it also matters. your portions will be smaller.

By the way, the color of the shell makes no difference.  Brown eggs and white eggs are still eggs. If you are boiling some to color for Easter, and do want the dark circle look at the previous tip on eggs.